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Masao Jinno1,*, Masayoshi Takeuchi2, Aiko Watanabe1, Koji Teruya3, Jun Hirohama1, Noriko Eguchi1 and Aiko Miyazaki41Women's Clinic Jinno, 3-1-39-201 Kokuryou-chou, Choufu City, Tokyo 182-0022, Japan 2Department of Life Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokuriku University, Kanazawa City, Ishikawa, Japan 3Department of Public Health, School of Health Sciences, Kyorin University, Hachioji City, Tokyo, Japan 4HUSHIMI Pharmatheuticals, Kagawa, Japan *Correspondence address. Tel: +81-424-80-3105; Fax: +81-424-80-3105; E-mail: mjinno{at}s9.dion.ne.jpReceived August 20, 2010. Revision received December 2, 2010. Accepted December 10, 2010. BACKGROUND Advanced glycation end-products (AGE) are pivotal in aging and diabetes. Aging and polycystic ovary syndrome, a diabetes-associated disease, often cause infertility. We examined how AGE accumulation affects assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes. METHODS In this retrospective analysis, toxic AGE (TAGE), pentosidine (Pent) and carboxymethyl lysine (CML) in blood and follicular fluid (FF) were measured in 157 ART-patients. We analyzed associations of AGE with ART outcomes and pre-ART clinical factors. RESULTS TAGE, Pent and CML in FF and TAGE in serum, showed significant negative correlations with estradiol and numbers of follicles larger than 12 mm in diameter, retrieved oocytes, fertilized oocytes and embryos. AGE, Pent in FF and TAGE in serum showed significant negative correlations with ongoing pregnancy. Areas under receiver-operating characteristic curves for AGE (0.709), Pent in FF (0.686) and TAGE in serum (0.667) were significantly larger than for the reference (0.5). Women with serum TAGE above 7.24 U/ml showed decreased oocyte numbers and ongoing pregnancy rates, even with younger age or lower Day-3 FSH. Serum TAGE correlated positively with leptin (R = 0.51), BMI, low-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, glucose, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance and insulin. CONCLUSIONS Serum TAGE and FF Pent accumulations correlated highly with poor follicular and embryonic development and with a lower likelihood of ongoing pregnancy. Serum TAGE predicts poor ART outcomes independent of age and Day-3 FSH. © The Author 2011. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com This ArticleHum. Reprod. (2011) 26 (3): 604-610. doi: 10.1093/humrep/deq388 First published online: January 12, 2011
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